Taxa extinction risk assessment has not been extensively carried out for majority of Ethiopian species. This lack of research is a barrier to achieving the goal of zero global plant extinctions. However, researchers have yet to extensively investigate the ecology, phenology, as well as the evolutionary, genetics, and conservation status of Ethiopian vegetations at community and species level over space and time.

Of these species, 12% are endemic mainly due to geographical isolation and unique climatic conditions. Ethiopia is biologically rich, with more than 6500 vascular plant species. Some of the vegetation types are identified as centers of endemism and have subsequently been identified globally as the East African Afromontane hotspot. These vegetation types host their own unique species, but also share several common species. In general, eight distinct vegetation types have been identified in Ethiopia, based mainly on elevation and climate gradients. Due to Ethiopia's connection with the temperate biome in the north and the Arabian Peninsula during the dry glacial period, the biotic assemblage of Ethiopian highlands consists of both Afrotropical and palearctic biota. Highland uplift and rift formation due to volcanic forces formed novel habitats with different topography and climatic conditions that have ultimately become drivers for vegetation diversification. The formation of Ethiopian vegetation is highly connected to the climate and geological history of the country. The diverse climate of various ecological regions of the country has driven the establishment of diverse vegetation, which range from Afroalpine vegetation in the mountains to the arid and semi-arid vegetation type in the lowlands. Ethiopia is land of geographical contrasts with elevations that range from 125 m below sea level in the Danakil Depression to 4533 m above sea level in the Semien Mountains, a world heritage site.

Elevation map of addis ababa